The Ocean Ambassadors
(Click on images in the article to expand)
 If
one could sit quietly on a Mexican beach long enough, eventually a sea
turtle would edge by. Of course, there are beaches where the waiting
would be short—minutes or hours—and others where the waiting may be
longer—days, months or even decades. But eventually, with time, a sea
turtle would haul her body from the ocean, cross your chosen expanse of
nighttime sand and pass you by on her way to give life to the beach.
You are among the fortunate. At the tip of the Baja
California peninsula, from La Paz, around the Cape, and up to Todos
Santos, the chance for a close encounter with one of these ancient ocean
voyagers is good. These beaches are the nesting place for Olive Ridleys
and the highly endangered Leatherback turtles. I’ve spent the past 15
years learning about these animals and we are only beginning to unravel
their mysteries. For example, when the leatherbacks leave the beaches,
they may travel as far as South America or Asia in search of their
favorite food, jellyfish. The Leatherback turtle’s nesting season takes
place from November through February. The Olive Ridley turtles begin
nesting in June; their primary nesting season is June to December. |
 Turtle
Facts
The Olive Ridley sea turtle has an olive-green shell
and really powerful jaws. They like to eat crabs, clams, mussels and
shrimp. They are born on a beach but grow up and live in the ocean.
After eight years in the water, a female is ready to lay her eggs. She
lays eggs every year, unlike most sea turtles which nest every two to
three years. Once she buries her eggs she crawls back to the sea and
never returns to her eggs. After 45 days the baby sea turtles hatch.
They are tiny and black and less than two inches long. They make their
mad dash for their new lives in the ocean. Only the females will return
to land when it is time for them to lay their eggs.
All seven species of the world’s sea turtles are in
danger of extinction. But the Olive Ridley is making a comeback in
Mexico. The resurgence is due to measures that officials in Mexico have
taken to protect the turtles. There are an estimated 1 million Olive
Ridleys in the Pacific nesting population.
The Leatherback sea turtle has a barrel-shaped shell
made of rubbery skin. Its jaws are more scissor-like than the Olive
Ridley. It likes to eat jellyfish. The Leatherbacks are the largest of
the sea turtles. The largest leatherback recorded was nearly 10 feet long
and weighed 2,1019 pounds! It is estimated that there are fewer than
5,000 Leatherbacks in the Pacific population.
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 Sea
turtles have migrated the oceans and come to the beaches to lay eggs for
more than 100 millions years. We are visitors to their dominion. We
haven’t always been good houseguests. However, there are some simple
things we can do to ease our impact and help them to survive. First, go
to the beach on foot. Take off your shoes and feel how loose the sand
is. That’s the way the turtles like it. Vehicles pack down the sand and
make it hard for turtles to dig nests and hard for the babies to climb
out. Second, keep the beaches dark. Turn lights off, away from the ocean
or use special “turtle-friendly” lighting. The hatchlings are attracted
to the light and will wander away from the sea towards the glow. Last,
support the local groups working to save the sea turtles. They are part
of a vast network of dedicated people who have devoted themselves to our
oceans and its inhabitants.
For more information on where to see Baja’s sea turtles
and to support the groups working to save them, contact Grupo Tortuguero
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Wallace J. Nichols, Ph.D., is a
scientist, educator, ocean activist and author. He is currently Director,
Pacific Ocean Region, at the Blue Ocean Institute and a Research Associate
at the California Academy of Sciences. His extensive research and
activities in ocean conservation, animal migration and sea turtle biology
have been published in numerous books and research articles as well as in
magazines such as National Geographic, National Wildlife, Newsweek, and
Scientific American. Nichols is the author of the bilingual children’s
book Chelonia: Return of the Sea Turtle, and works with numerous programs
to share a hopeful message about environmental protection with young
people around the world. He recently trekked the 1,200-mile California
Coastal Trail from Oregon to Mexico to celebrate and promote protection of
our remaining coastal wildlands. He and his family live in Davenport,
California.
Wallace J. Nichols
Director, Pacific Ocean Region
Blue Ocean Institute
Post Office Box 324
Davenport, California 95017 USA
Office: 831.426.0337
Fax: 831.426.0347
jnichols@blueocean.org
www.blueocean.org
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